According to the religion of Islam, Allah is the creator and ruler of the universe. Allah is the proper name of the only deity whose non-existence cannot be imagined, does not need anyone else to exist, and is worthy of all praise.
The religion of Islam is shaped based on belief in Allah. Belief in Allah is mentioned first in the verses that list the principles of belief. The following verse can be mentioned as an example: “Righteousness is not in turning your faces towards the east or the west. Rather, the righteous are those who believe in Allah, the Last Day, the angels, the Books, and the prophets; who give charity out of their cherished wealth to relatives, orphans, the poor, needy travellers, beggars, and for freeing captives; who establish prayer, pay alms-tax, and keep the pledges they make; and who are patient in times of suffering, adversity, and in the heat of battle. It is they who are true in faith, and it is they who are mindful of Allah.”[1]
Islam is the religion of tawhid. Tawhid refers to accept by heart and mind that Allah is one and unique and that there can be no fault or deficiency for Him. Allah in the Qur’an is defined as unique, unparalleled, unborn, and uncorrected.[2]
Since the belief in Allah is the basis of the religion of Islam, there are verses in many parts of the Qur’an that express the existence of Allah and the correctness of this belief indicate His names and attributes and encourage people to believe in this belief. For example: “Their messengers asked them, “Is there any doubt about Allah, the Originator of the heavens and the earth? [3], “O humanity! The Messenger has certainly come to you with the truth from your Lord, so believe for your own good. But if you disbelieve, then know that to Allah belongs whatever is in the heavens and the earth. And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.”[4]
The names used for Allah in the Qur’an show the imagination of Allah revealed by the religion of Islam. Therefore, Allah’s names and attributes are mainly important in recognizing Himself. The names of Allah are called “Al Asma ul Husna” meaning the most beautiful names. This situation is expressed in the Qur’an as follows: “Allah—there is no god worthy of worship except Him. He has the Most Beautiful Names.”[5] For example, Allah’s name Razzak means that He gives abundant needs to all creatures.[6] The name Al-Afuw, the one who always forgives sins and forgives crimes [7]; The name Al-Hadi means one who shows the right path and leads to success in good and beautiful works[8].
In the religion of Islam, Allah is the One Who has endless mercy (Rahman) for every living thing in the life of this world and the One who has endless mercy (Rahim) for Muslims in the life of the hereafter. The first verse of the Qur’an expresses this situation: “In the name of Allah, the Most Merciful and Merciful.”[9]
In addition, Allah in the Qur’an also described as the one who gives life to every being, does not need anything in order to exist, and everything needs it [10], To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth[11] and Surely nothing on earth or in the heavens is hidden from Allah.[12]Muslims believe that there is no deity worthy of worship and servitude except Allah[13]; Allah has no children[14] and does not need helpers[15]; Allah is the only authority in determining the provisions, permissions (halal) and prohibitions (haram)[16]; that Allah creates the benefits and harms that come to them and that nothing happens without His knowledge[17]; They believe that there is no like or equal to Allah[18].
Muslims believe that Allah is independent of space and time; however, they also believe that they are infinitely close to their servants.[19] Allah has full control over the knowledge of His servants’ lives in every aspect.[20] However, Allah’s knowledge of everything does not affect human will.[21]
Belief in Allah has many positive effects on people. The most important goal for people in this temporary world is to gain eternal happiness. This is only possible with faith in Allah. As a matter of fact, this situation is expressed in the Qur’an as follows: “This worldly life is no more than play and amusement. But the Hereafter is indeed the real life, if only they knew” [22]
Belief in Allah is also the basis of the good deeds and happiness of people in this world. Because, according to Islam, the world is the field of the hereafter. The life in the Hereafter is shaped according to what kind of life a person would prefer to live in his limited life.[23]
Man is a thinking and questioning creature. Human seeks answers to questions such as why he was sent to this world, why he lived, why the universe was created. Belief in Allah contains the answers to these questions. As a matter of fact, in the Qur’an, Allah states that “We did not create the heavens and the earth and what is between them as a game” [24] and states that creation has a purpose, expressing that man was not created for nothing [25] Allah states the purpose of man’s creation as follows: “I did not create jinn and humans except to worship Me.”[26]
As a result, Allah has absolute life, he has absolute power, he has absolute will. When he wants something to happen, he just says be and it happens.[27]
[1] Al-Baqarah,177
[2] Al-Ikhlas, 1-4
[3] Ibrahim, 10
[4] An-Nisa, 170
[5] Taha, 8
[6] There is no moving creature on earth whose provision is not guaranteed by Allah. And He knows where it lives and where it is laid to rest. All is written in a perfect Record. Hud,6
[7] That is so. And whoever retaliates in equivalence to the injury they have received, and then are wronged again, Allah will certainly help them. Surely Allah is Ever-Pardoning, All-Forgiving. Al-Hajj,60
[8] You surely cannot guide whoever you like O Prophet, but it is Allah Who guides whoever He wills, and He knows best who are fit to be guided. Al-Qasas,56
[9] Al-Fatihah, 1
[10] Ali-Imran,2
[11] Al-Baqarah,255
[12] Ali-Imran,5
[13] Al-Baqarah,163; Al-Anbiya,22
[14] Al-Isra,11
[15] Saba, 22
[16] Al-A’raf,54; Yusuf,40; Al-Kahf,26
[17] Al-An’am,17
[18] Because Muslims believe that Allah has no equal or equal, they avoid making analogies about Allah without knowledge. An-Nahl,74; Maryam,65; Ash-Shuraa,11
[19] Al-An’am,103; Al-Kahf,16; Al-Mujadila,7
[20] Al-Ma’idah,54
[21] Fussilat,40
[22] Al-‘Ankabut, 64
[23] Al-Kahf,29
[24] Al-Anbya,16
[25] Al-Qiyamah,36
[26] Ad-Dhariyat,56
[27] Al-Baqarah,117